The 1804 Haiti Genocide
My topic is the Haiti genocide
learn about the Haiti genocide that resulted to the only successful slave revolt in history!
The 1804 Haiti Genocide was a massacre against the rest of the French Creoles population in Haiti. The Massacre was ordered by Jean-Jacques Dessalines and took place in the entire territory of Haiti. This atrocious event took place during the time period of early February 1804 until the 22nd of April 1804. The results of the Massacre were 3,000 to 5,000 deaths of people of all ages and genders. Big groups of soldiers went from house to house killing entire families of whites. Even those who were sincere to the blacks and friendly were thrown in jail and later killed.
Jean-Jacques Dessalines was born on September 20th 1758. He was born to enslaved parents. Dessalines was born on Plaine-du-Nord in Cormier. Jean-Jacques Duclos was the name of his father who adapted the name from his owner. Working in the sugar cane fields as a laborer Dessalines rose to the rank od commander or foreman. Henry Duclos was his owner until he was about 30 years old. During his early life Jean was known as Jean-Jacques Duclos; His master assigned his last name like slave owners usually did. One day a free black man named Dessalines went to go by him from his original owner. After being bought he worked for his new owner for three years until the slave revolt started to broke out in 1791 quickly spreading across the Plaine-Du-Nord.
Dessalines grew hatred for both whites and mixed-raced immigrants. Once he defeated the French royalist to ensure that Haiti stays a country he ordered the killing of all royalist. After achieving all his goals Jean-Jacques Dessalines brought his old master Dessalines to his home and gave him a job. Before the colony was called Saint Domingue which was the island indigenous Taino name. When he declared the colony independent he changed the name to Haiti in 1804.
Dessalines grew hatred for both whites and mixed-raced immigrants. Once he defeated the French royalist to ensure that Haiti stays a country he ordered the killing of all royalist. After achieving all his goals Jean-Jacques Dessalines brought his old master Dessalines to his home and gave him a job. Before the colony was called Saint Domingue which was the island indigenous Taino name. When he declared the colony independent he changed the name to Haiti in 1804.
Haiti Backround
Haiti is the second oldest country in the Americas the first being the Unites States Of America. Christopher Columbus on his first voyage to the Americas in 1492 established a Spanish settlement, On the North coast of the island of Haiti the native population very nearly disappeared during the first half of the 16th century as a result of enslavement. Another result most of the population was Latin American. Haiti's Problems were not jus blacks Vs. whites Its struggle for independence was much more complex. There was also a class of Mulattoes who were important in business and were landowner. There was also a political dispute over support of a monarchy or a republicanism. There was also the problem with the Hispanic people who shared the island of Hispaniola with Haiti.
Haiti is the second oldest country in the Americas the first being the Unites States Of America. Christopher Columbus on his first voyage to the Americas in 1492 established a Spanish settlement, On the North coast of the island of Haiti the native population very nearly disappeared during the first half of the 16th century as a result of enslavement. Another result most of the population was Latin American. Haiti's Problems were not jus blacks Vs. whites Its struggle for independence was much more complex. There was also a class of Mulattoes who were important in business and were landowner. There was also a political dispute over support of a monarchy or a republicanism. There was also the problem with the Hispanic people who shared the island of Hispaniola with Haiti.
During the 18th century the French colony grew and prospered. By the end of the French revolution Haiti was producing more than half of all the coffee produced in the world and Haiti was also producing 90 percent of the sugar for France and Britain and accounted for 40 percent of France's foreign trade at this time France was the most dominant economy of the entire Europe. The base that held up the entire French colony was slavery. The Haiti population was from 500,000 to 700,000 most were slaves imported from Africa. During the 18th century communities of escaped slaves developed in the mountain wilderness were called maroons from the Spanish word Cimarron meaning wild.
The cause of the slave revolt?
The French revolution lead to the slave rebellion in Haiti. Political changes in France at the time of the French revolution brought change for the colonies. The National Assembly stated that the Mulattoes of the colonies who owned land and paid taxes would have the rights of citizens including the right to vote. Mulattoes rebelled in 1790 because the French refused to grant these rights to them. Along the North coast the slaves massacred all the whites they encountered. But the whites in the city of Cap Francis were able to defeat the slave rebellion.
With all the chaos going on leaders emerged. The backround of one leader is Francis Dominque Toussiant Louverture he was a black slave of family who trained him as a house servant and educated him. One of few block Hatians who could read and write.
The French revolution lead to the slave rebellion in Haiti. Political changes in France at the time of the French revolution brought change for the colonies. The National Assembly stated that the Mulattoes of the colonies who owned land and paid taxes would have the rights of citizens including the right to vote. Mulattoes rebelled in 1790 because the French refused to grant these rights to them. Along the North coast the slaves massacred all the whites they encountered. But the whites in the city of Cap Francis were able to defeat the slave rebellion.
With all the chaos going on leaders emerged. The backround of one leader is Francis Dominque Toussiant Louverture he was a black slave of family who trained him as a house servant and educated him. One of few block Hatians who could read and write.